Detailed Class 12 Computer Science Revised Syllabus

Class 12 Computer Science

1. Prerequisites

Computer Science- Class XI

2. Learning Outcomes

• Apply the concept of functions.
• Ability to use Python libraries.
• Apply the concept of file handling.
• Ability to use basic data structures: Stacks.
• Explain the basics of computer networks.
• Ability to use connectivity between Python and SQL.

Unit I: Computational Thinking and Programming – 2

• Revision of the basics of Python covered in Class XI.
• Functions: scope, parameter passing, mutable/immutable properties of data objects, passing strings, lists, tuples, dictionaries to functions, default parameters, positional parameters, return values, functions using libraries: mathematical and string functions.
• File handling: Need for a data file, Types of file: Text files, Binary files and CSV (Comma separated values) files.
• Text File: Basic operations on a text file: Open (filename – absolute or relative path, mode), Close a text file, Reading and Manipulation of data from a text file, Appending data into a text file, standard input /output and error streams, relative and absolute paths. ● Binary File: Basic operations on a binary file: Open (filename –absolute or relative path, mode), Close a binary file, Pickle Module –methods load and dump; Read, Write/Create, Search, Append and Update operations in a binary file.
• CSV File: Import csv module, functions – Open, Close a csv file, Read from a csv file and Write into a csv file using csv.reader ( ) and csv.writerow( ).
• Using Python libraries: Import Python libraries.
• Data-structures: Lists as covered in Class XI, Stacks – Push, Pop using a list.

Unit II: Computer Networks

• Evolution of Networking: ARPANET, Internet, Interspace Different ways of sending data across the network with reference to switching techniques (Circuit and Packet switching).
• Data Communication terminologies: Concept of Channel, Bandwidth(Hz, KHz, MHz) and Data transfer rate (bps, Kbps, Mbps, Gbps,Tbps).
• Transmission media: Twisted pair cable, coaxial cable, optical fiber, infrared, radio link, microwave link and satellite link.
• Network devices: Modem, RJ45 connector, Ethernet Card, Router, Switch, Gateway, WiFi card.
• Network Topologies and types: Bus, Star, Tree, PAN, LAN, WAN, MAN.
• Network Protocol: TCP/IP, File Transfer Protocol (FTP), PPP, HTTP, SMTP, POP3, Remote Login (Telnet) and Internet, Wireless / Mobile Communication protocol such as GSM, GPRS and WLL.
• Mobile Telecommunication Technologies: 1G, 2G, 3G, 4G and 5G; Mobile processors;
• Electronic mail protocols such as SMTP, POP3, Protocols for Chat and Video Conferencing: VoIP, Wireless technologies such as Wi-Fi and WiMax
• Network Security Concepts:
• Threats and prevention from Viruses, Worms, Trojan horse, Spams Use of Cookies, Protection using Firewall, https; India IT Act, Cyber Law, Cyber Crimes, IPR issues, hacking.
• Introduction To Web services: WWW, Hyper Text Markup Language (HTML), Extensible Markup Language (XML); Hyper Text Transfer Protocol (HTTP); Domain Names; URL; Website, Web browser, Web Servers; Web Hosting

Unit III: Database Management

• Database Concepts: Introduction to database concepts and its need.
• Relational data model: Concept of domain, relation, tuple, attribute, degree, cardinality, key, primary key, candidate key, alternate key and foreign key;
• Structured Query Language:
• General Concepts: Advantages of using SQL, Data Definition
• Language and Data Manipulation Language;
• Data Types: number / decimal, character / varchar / varchar2, date;
• SQL commands covered in class XI (2019-20)
• SELECT, DISTINCT, FROM, WHERE, IN, BETWEEN, LIKE, NULL / IS NULL, ORDER BY,GROUP BY, HAVING;
• SQL functions: SUM ( ), AVG ( ), COUNT ( ), MAX ( ) and MIN ( );
• Joins: equi-join and natural join

MySQL Connectivity

Interface of Python with an SQL database – Connecting SQL with Python – Creating Database connectivity Applications – Performing Insert, Update, Delete queries – Display data by using fetchone(),fetchall(),rowcount

Suggested Practical List:

1. Read a text file line by line and display each word separated by a #.
2. Read a text file and display the number of vowels/ consonants/
3. uppercase/ lowercase characters in the file.
4. Create a binary file with name and roll number. Search for a given roll number and display the name, if not found display appropriate message.
5. Create a binary file with roll number, name and marks. Input a roll number and update the marks.
6. Remove all the lines that contain the character `a’ in a file and write it to another file.
7. Write a random number generator that generates random numbers between 1 and 6 (simulates a dice).
8. Write a Python program to implement a stack and queue using a list data-structure.
9. Take a sample of ten phishing e-mails (or any text file) and find most commonly occurring word(s)